• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE0850030A1
    申请号:SE0850030
    申请日:2008-10-07
    公开日:2010-04-08
    发明作者:Ola Hall
    申请人:Scania Cv Abp；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    101520253035the cooling system. Due to the higher pressure, the risk of leakage inhoses, wires and fittings. Hoses are never completely tightwithout a certain leakage always occurs through the rubber material.
    The problem of leakage is particularly evident in vehicles that havetippbar cab. Such vehicles require longer hoses / linesand / or more connections to be able to connect a cooling element inthe cab to other parts of the cooling system usually placed inthe engine compartment of the vehicle and still enable tipping of the cab. Iflong hoses and wires and a number of connections are usedon the refrigerant side, which is under great pressure, is the riskimminent for leakage.advantageous,In such applications it isand not uncommon, that an additional cooling coil,and s.k. "secondary loop" is used, ie that an additionallow pressure cooling circuit with water and / or glycol as refrigerantconnected to the compressor system evaporator via a liquid-basedheat exchanger. Because a much lower pressure is neededused in that circuit reduces the risk of leakage.
    The liquid, usually water, is thus cooled in the refrigerant circuitevaporator and pumped up to the cab and to what is arranged thereinthe cooling element which in turn cools the air of the cab with the help of afan. The liquid should maintain a temperature of just over zerodegrees. If it is colder than zero degrees, the condensed water freezeswhich is formed in the cooling element of the cab and thereby deterioratesthe function of the cooling system. The cold is switched from it in this wayprimary refrigerant circuit, with CO2 or other suitablerefrigerant, to a circuit with another lower pressure fluidand consequently the lower risk of leakage.
    A "secondary loop" can also be used to advantage if the fireDangerous refrigerants are used because you do not want to risk thatsuch substances leak inside the cab. Examples of suchFlammable refrigerants are Propane and Rl52a, which are used despitetheir flammability because they are considered to provide better efficiency thanfor example the more common Rl34a.
    Within e.g. industry, in boats etc, where one basically hasunlimited access to cooling water, it is common to also101520253035cool the refrigerant circuit condenser with water. In vehicles it isnot as easy to achieve this as the water you haveaccess to is the engine's cooling water which is usually considered to holdtoo high a temperature to achieve the best efficiency. In order toachieve a sufficiently high efficiency with CO 2 as refrigerant ina vehicle's compressor system, it is necessary to useinternal heat exchange between cold and hot side in the refrigerant circuit.
    New refrigerants sometimes require higher working pressures and someRefrigerants are flammable, as mentioned, but they can damage the cooling systemsbetter performance and efficiency and they also provide improvedenvironmental performance. In the case of refrigerants that require high pressuresor are flammable, it is extra difficult with vehicles with tippingcabin. The risk of leakage increases and it is desirable to reducethe risk of leakage through hoses and fittings both offsafety, quality and environmental reasons. There is therefore onestrive to minimize the length of the hoses and the number of couplings ini.a. the primary refrigerant circuit.
    Various systems and solutions for cooling a tiltable cabare already known.
    In patent specification WO2005 / 120868climate system adapted for vehicles with tipping cab.
    (Scania) describes a conventionThe purposeis to solve the problem of carbon dioxide at high pressures andother of rubber lines. The system is located on the vehiclechassis and cold or hot air are conveyed up to the cab.
    Neither liquid nor coolant is distributed to the cab andthe length of the refrigerant circuit management system is not shorter.
    U.S. Patent No. 68,185,957 (Modine Manufacturing Company) discloses onecooling system for carbon dioxide with the evaporator combined with aform of an internal heat exchanger. Both evaporator and condenser areair-cooled and constitute separate units.
    The management system is not minimized.
    Prior art does not show how to effectively reduce the risk ofleakage in the compressor system refrigerant circuit. It is not shown101520253035how to create a compressor system adapted torefrigerants that require high working pressures and with sufficientefficiency. It has also not been previously shown how the compressorthe system and its components become less bulky,cheaper to manufacture and easier to assemble.
    Object of the invention and most important featuresThe object of the invention is to solve said problems and to demonstratea system and a device for efficient cooling and / or storageheating and which entails a reduced risk of leakage ofthe cold medium.
    A further object of the invention is to demonstrate a devicesuitable for the use of refrigerants which require hogaworking pressure and which still provides good efficiency.
    A further object of the invention is to demonstrate onesystem and a device that is compact and minimizes lengthon pipelines and hoses and minimizes the number of connections.
    A further object of the invention is to minimize the numberseparate parts in the compressor system and demonstrate a simple compactunit which is easily placed in the vehicle and which allowsproduction time can be shortened.
    A further object of the invention is to make it simplerto get both cooled water and heated water out of one and the samecompact unit.
    The above, and further objects, are achieved according to the inventionby a system and a device according to those of claims 1 and18 specified features.
    In short, the invention means that at least the refrigerant circuitcondenser and evaporator are assembled into, and manufactured as,101520253035a common integrated unit preferably in the form of aplate heat exchangers where every other plate generally conducts cooling waterand every other plate conducts refrigerant. At least one internal heatingexchanger, ie a heat exchanger that converts heat between refrigerantsthe high and low pressure side of the circuit, can be integrated in itintegrated unit. This provides fewer connections and eliminatessome hoses and provide shorter conduit paths. A compactrefrigerant circuit also provides benefits such as less pressure drop andbetter efficiency. The expansion means, in the form of a fixedthrottling, can be arranged e.g. by embossing in one or more ofthe unit's plates in order to reduce the number of leaksconnections and wires / hoses. The integrated unit canalso be fitted with pipe connections so that an adjustableThe valve can be screwed onto the outside of the unit. By the flowbetween the plates in the heat exchanger can be designed any canthe internal heat exchange is effected between the cold of the refrigerant circuitside and its warm side, with partially evaporated, completely evaporatedor overheated gas on the low pressure side. A drying filter can alsomounted in or after the condenser in a similar way as iscommon in today's shared systems and about an accumulator insteadused, it can be placed in or after the evaporator.
    The evaporator is heated with water and / or glycol as cooledthen pumped up to the cab and the cooling device arranged therein.the element and the air in the cab are thus cooled down. The condenser coolswith either a relatively cold water-glycol mixture fromthe engine or with the liquid used to cool the cabcooling element. A water cooler placed in the front of the vehicle canneeded to lower the temperature of the glycol mixture when itheated by the condenser.
    Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from itthe following more detailed description of the invention and ofattached drawings and other patent claims.101520253035Brief drawing of drawingsThe invention is described in more detail below in some preferred embodimentsexemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    Figure 1 schematically shows a compressor system according to the inventionwith the evaporator and condenser combined in a commonintegrated unit.
    Figure 2 shows in perspective the integrated unit according to figurel designed as a plate heat exchanger.
    Figure 3 schematically shows a first embodiment of aintegrated unit according to the invention with an internal heat exchanger.
    Figure 4 schematically shows a second embodiment of aintegrated unit according to the invention with a further form ofinternal heat exchangers.
    Figure 5 schematically shows a third embodiment of acombined internal heat exchanger.
    Figure 6 shows a tank schematic section through the inventiveaccording to the integrated unit where the internal heat exchangers according to figure5 illustrated.
    Figure 7 shows a tank schematic section through an inventiveaccording to an integrated unit with an integrated throttle, has pragledin one or more of the unit's plates.
    Figure 8 shows in perspective the integrated unit withintegrated throttle, ie the unit has no external rudder connectionsfor an expansion member.
    Figure 9 shows in perspective the integrated unit with both oneintegrated accumulator and an integrated throttle,Figure 10 shows in perspective the integrated unit for externalexpansion valve and an integrated drying filter.
    Description of preferred embodimentsFigure 1 thus shows a compressor system 1 according to the invention.
    It consists in it has the case of three different circuits. The first101520253035includes a com-a drying filter 5,circuit, the primary refrigerant circuit 2,presses 3, a condenser 4, an expansion means6 and an evaporator 7. These components are connected toeach other through a conduction system and the whole circuit 2 arhermetically sealed and contains and works under pressure withusing a refrigerant, for example CO2.
    The expansion means 6 may consist of an adjustable expansion valveor a fixed choke. In compressor systems there is an expansionvalve is used, it is important that the expansion valve at all timesfed with liquid. A drying filter 5 is therefore located upstreamexpansion valve 6 and has its outlet at the bottom of its containerare(not shown). This ensures that the expansion valve 6always supply fluid and thus work properly.
    A second circuit 8,a cooling circuit, comprises a first low pressurepump 9, e.g.air cooled,primary refrigerant circuit condenser 4.a first heat exchanger 10 and a low pressure,radiator 11. The heat exchanger 10 cooperates with itThis second circuit 8contains water or a mixture of water and glycol.
    The pump 9 provides a flow in the circuit 8 so that water is heatedof the condenser 4 in the heat exchanger 10 and is supplied to the radiator 11 thereheat is emitted to the environment by means of a, possiblyfan controlled, air flow.front of the vehicle where air still passes as the vehicle rolls.
    The radiator 11 can be placed in oneThe third circuit 12, a cooling circuit, comprises a secondlow pressure pump 13, a cooling element 14 and a second heat exchanger15. The heat exchanger 15 cooperates with the primary refrigerant circuitevaporator 7. The circuit 12 contains water or a mixture ofwater and glycol. The pump 13 provides a flow in the circuit 12so that water is cooled in the heat exchanger 15 by the refrigerant circuitevaporator 7 and then led to the cooling element 14 where air aspasses are cooled down, for example by means of a fan (not shown).
    The cooling element 14 can be placed in a suitable place inthe cab / cab of a commercial vehicle with the intention ofkeep the air cool inside the cab regardless of the vehicle's exteriorambient temperature.101520253035According to the invention, the water-cooled condenser 4 and thewater-cooled evaporator 7 together in one and the same unit, iethe condenser 4 and the evaporator 7 are integrated in one and the same unit 16together with the respective heat exchanger 10,15. The integratedunit 16 is indicated by the dashed line.
    Figure 2 shows a view of a unit 16 according to the invention withintegrated / integrated evaporator 7 and condenser 4. Unit 16is built here as a substantially rectangular plate heat exchangerprovided with a number of plates 17, which form a number fromdelimited channels. The unit 16 has pipe connections 18a-h for connection of the external components and circuits includedin the system illustrated in Figure 1. Refrigerants and coolantsthus flows into and out of the unit 16 via thesepipe connections 18a-h of which some 18g, h are arranged for externalmounting the drying filter 5 and / or the expansion valve 6.
    The unit 16 can in reality consist of many more plates 17 thanshown here and can be so constructed that the refrigerant canpass back and forth next to the respective coolant a numbertimes before it is led out of the unit 16, this to achieve oneas high efficiency on system 1 as possible.
    Figure 3 shows the system 1 according to the invention according to figure 1but here with an internal heat exchanger 19 arranged to increasesystem 1 efficiency and enable and facilitate thatfor example carbon dioxide can be used as a refrigerant. In principle isthe internal heat exchanger 19 arranged to exchange heat betweenthe cold and hot side of the media circuit 2. Internal heat exchanger 19one cold circuit part 20 is therefore connected between the evaporator 7outlet 18e and the inlet of the compressor 3, the suction side of the compressor, andthe second hot circuit part 21 of the internal heat exchanger 19 is connectedbetween the outlet 18h of the condenser 4 and the inlet of the drying filter 5. Onthis way there is a heat exchange between the coming refrigerantsout of the condenser 4 or out of the evaporator 7, ie the residual heat inthe refrigerant from the condenser 4 heats the refrigerant fromevaporator 7, and in other words, the refrigerant led to101520253035the compressor 3 becomes hotter and the refrigerant is fed tothe drying filter 5 becomes colder.
    Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of an internal heating system.exchanger 19. Here is the cold circuit part 20 of the internal heat exchangerconnected in the same way as in Figure 3 while its hot circuit part 21instead is connected between the outlet of the first pump 9 and itinlet 18b of the first heat exchanger 10. This cools the coolantfrom the position pressure radiator 11 further before entering itfirst the heat exchanger 10, which in turn cools the condenser 4. Oncorrespondingly, the refrigerant fed to the compressor 3 is heated.
    A better efficiency is achieved.
    Figure 5 shows a further alternative embodiment of ainternal heat exchangers 19. Here is how the internal heat exchangers 19according to Figures 3 and 4 can be combined and used simultaneously.
    The internal heat exchanger 19 according to this embodiment has a coldcircuit part 20 and two hot circuit parts 22,23 arranged in seriesone after the other. The cold circuit part 20 is connected as in figure3. The first hot circuit part 22 is connected between the condenser4 outlets 18h and the inlet of the drying filter 5. The other hotthe circuit part 23 is connected between the pump 9 and the second circuit 8the inlet to the second circuit 8 heat exchanger 10. Through thiscombined internal heat exchangers 19 an additional is achievedimproved efficiency of the system.
    Figure 6 shows a compressor system 1 and according to the inventionmore specifically, a section through the integrated unit 16designed as a plate heat exchanger. The figure illustrates howthe internal heat exchanger 19 according to figure 5 can be seen inpractice. A number of horizontally arranged plates 17 guidethe flow of refrigerant and the two coolants through the unit,indicated by arrows. The condenser 4 and the evaporator 7 are delimitedfrom each other through a partition 24. The refrigerant and the twothe coolants thus pass into channels formed in a known mannerbetween the plates 17 and in some cases through the plates 17.
    The liquids pass very close to each other but are separated by foodthe material in the plates 17. The liquids thus flow mainly10152025303510in the same direction as the plates 17 are oriented and oneheat exchange takes place between the liquids through the walls 17 of the plates.
    The flow is thus affected by how the plates 17 are designed / embossed anda great variety is possible here. Partition 24between the condenser 4 and the evaporator 7 can conduct heat / cold andthen constitutes an internal heat exchanger 19 which allows a heat exchangebetween the coolant coming from the radiator 11 and the refrigerant inevaporator 7.
    One or more of the plates 17 may also be so designed thatthe refrigerant in the evaporator 7 is allowed to pass through a channel 25 throughthe partition wall 24 from the evaporator 7 to the condenser 4. The duct 25formed by two or more plates 17a-c and introducing the refrigerantbetween channels that form part of the capacitor 4. Therebythe internal heat exchange is effected in accordance with the schematicFigure 3.
    The partition wall 24 between the condenser 4 and the evaporator 7 can alsobe isolated. In that case, the internal heat exchanger, iethe one shown schematically in Figure 4.
    Figure 7 shows the compressor system 1 according to the invention but witha fixed throttle 27 integrated in the assembled unit, ininstead of an externally mounted and adjustable expansion valve.
    The choke 27 can be embossed in one or more of the assembledplates 17b-c of the unit and provides a pressure drop insystem refrigerant circuit. Through integration, the number is broughtleakage-prone couplings and wires / hoses down.
    Liquid is essentially incompressible so as to avoid thata liquid-gas mixture reaches the compressor 3 and damages itfunction is placed a container, a so-called accumulator 28, betweenthe evaporator 7 and the compressor 3, i.e. upstream of the compressor 3.
    The outlet is from the top of the accumulator 28, which means that italways emits gas and not liquid. The accumulator 28 can alsocontain a filter and desiccant, not shown. The choke 27 canalso consists of a short tube with a small, firm and welldefined inner diameter, not shown.101520253011Figure 8 shows the unit 16 according to the invention according to figure 7with the expansion member, the throttle 27, integrated (i.e. not)visible). Thus, the external pipe couplings 18g, haccording to figure 2 for connection of an external expansion valve.
    Figure 9 shows the unit 16 according to the invention according to figure 5.
    Both the expansion means / throttle, and the drying filter / accumulator28 are integrated in the integrated unit 16 and separatepipe fittings for these components are missing except forthe outlet of the accumulator 28 to be connected to the compressor 3.
    Figure 10 shows an embodiment of the unit according to the invention16 with connections 18g, h for an expansion member, aexpansion valve (not shown), and with an integrated drying filter5. Sometimes it can be beneficial to be able to use an external oneexpansion valve that is adjustable so that the system can be tunedfor best efficiency.
    The invention has been described above with reference to a few different onespreferred embodiments. Of course, the invention is notlimited to these but they are to be considered as examples only.Other variants of the invention are thus also fully possiblewithin the scope of the claims. Thus, e.g.the integrated unit should not be constructed as a plate heatingexchangers but may be designed with other heat exchanger technologyaccommodation. The assembled unit can suitably also be mounted indirect connection to the compressor or integrated withthe compressor to further minimize the number of hoses andcouplings. Thus, a device can be provided which is provided witha pulley at one end that has sockets that are too hot or coldwater at its other end. It is therefore conceivable that the systemaccording to the invention can also be used to heat the air infor example a vehicle cab.
    权利要求:
    Claims (24)
    [1]
    l. Cooling and / or heating systems comprising a refrigerant circuit (4), characterized by, condenser - that the evaporator integrated into
    [2]
    2. System according to characterized by, - that the evaporator in a further
    [3]
    System according to characterized by, - that the condenser in a further
    [4]
    4. A system according to characterized in, - that at least Sämmâ gGITlGnS âITIITIâ
    [5]
    System according to characterized by, - the internal heat exchanger between the refrigerant circuit
    [6]
    System according to characterized in that - the internal heat exchanger between the evaporator and the internal heat exchanger between the condenser (2) with at least one compressor an evaporator (3), and an expansion means one (7) (6), (4) (16). (7) and the condenser are assembled / - a common unit according to claim 1, (7) the secondary circuit is liquid heated and arranged to cool liquid (12). claim 1 or 2, (4) secondary circuit is liquid cooled and arranged to heat liquid (8). any of the above claims, an internal heat exchanger (l6). (19) is integrated in unit one of the preceding claims, (19) (2) is arranged to switch hot cold and hot side. any of the preceding claims, (19) cold circuit part (20) is connected (7) outlet (18e) and the hot circuit part (21) of the compressor (3) inlet (21) is connected (4) outlet (18h) and the drying filter (5) inlet. 10 15 20 25 30 35 13
    [7]
    System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the internal heat exchanger (19) is arranged to exchange heat between the refrigerant circuit (2) (4). cold side and the cooling water that cools the condenser
    [8]
    System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that (19) cold circuit part (18e) (20) and the compressor (3) - that the internal heat exchanger is connected between the inlet of the evaporator (7) and its hot circuit part (21) is connected between the outlet of the first pump (9) and the inlet (18b) of the first heat exchanger (10).
    [9]
    System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that (19) is arranged to both exchange heat between the refrigerant circuit (2) - the cold and hot side of the internal heat exchanger and to switch heat between the cold side of the refrigerant circuit (2) and the coolant which cools the condenser. (4).
    [10]
    System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the assembled unit (16) is of the plate heat exchanger type.
    [11]
    System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - an expansion means in the form of a choke (27) is integrated in the assembled unit (16).
    [12]
    System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the choke (27) is designed / embossed in the assembled unit (16). 10 15 20 25 30 35 14
    [13]
    System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that (27) - the throttle is arranged in the partition (24) of the assembled unit (16) between its high and low pressure sides.
    [14]
    System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the expansion means consists of an externally mounted adjustable expansion valve (6).
    [15]
    System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - a drying filter / accumulator (16). (5.28) years integrated in the integrated unit
    [16]
    Cooling and / or heating device comprising at least one condenser (4) and an evaporator (7), characterized by, and the condenser (4) being joined together / - (16). that the evaporator (7) is integrated into a common unit
    [17]
    Device according to claim 16, characterized in that comprises - that the integrated unit (16) has internal heat exchangers (19).
    [18]
    Device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized by, (19) between the cold and hot side of the refrigerant circuit. - that the internal heat exchanger is arranged to exchange heat
    [19]
    Device according to one of Claims 16 to 18, characterized by, (19) cold circuit part (18e) (20) and the compressor (3) - in that the internal heat exchanger is connected between the inlet of the evaporator (7) and the inlet 10. ) and the hot circuit part of the dryer filter (5) (18h) (19) (7) and the internal heat exchanger is connected between the inlet of the condenser.
    [20]
    Device according to one of Claims 16 to 19, characterized by, (19) between the cold side of the refrigerant circuit and the coolant which cools (4). - that the internal heat exchanger is arranged to change the heat condenser
    [21]
    Device according to any one of claims 16 - 20, characterized in that (19) cold circuit part (18e) is connected between the first (10) (20) and the compressor (3) - that the internal heat exchanger is connected between the inlet of the evaporator (7) (21) outlet and the inlet (18b) of the first heat exchanger and its hot circuit part of the pump (9).
    [22]
    Device according to one of Claims 16 to 21, characterized in that (19) is arranged to both switch heat between the cold and hot side of the refrigerant circuit and to switch - that the internal heat exchanger heats between the cold side of the refrigerant circuit and the coolant which cools the condenser (4).
    [23]
    Device according to one of Claims 16 to 22, characterized in that (16) the assembled unit is of the plate heat exchanger type.
    [24]
    Device according to one of Claims 16 to 23, characterized in that the assembled unit comprises a choke (27).
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    DE102019203183A1|2019-03-08|2020-09-10|Denso Automotive Deutschland Gmbh|Compact chiller|
    EP3756916A1|2019-06-24|2020-12-30|Konvekta Aktiengesellschaft|Heating and/or air conditioning system with internal heat exchangers|
    WO2021014893A1|2019-07-23|2021-01-28|株式会社デンソー|Heat exchanger|
    法律状态:
    2016-05-31| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE0850030A|SE534348C2|2008-10-07|2008-10-07|A system and device comprising a condenser and evaporator combined|SE0850030A| SE534348C2|2008-10-07|2008-10-07|A system and device comprising a condenser and evaporator combined|
    CN200910173496.1A| CN101713595B|2008-10-07|2009-09-18|System and device comprising combined condenser and evaporator|
    EP09446505A| EP2174810B1|2008-10-07|2009-09-30|System and device comprising a combined condenser and evaporator|
    RU2009137024/11A| RU2500548C2|2008-10-07|2009-10-06|System and device incorporating integrated condenser and evaporator|
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